{"id":7325,"date":"2022-07-02T15:46:45","date_gmt":"2022-07-02T14:46:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.herbalreality.com\/?post_type=herb&p=7325"},"modified":"2025-04-09T16:51:48","modified_gmt":"2025-04-09T15:51:48","slug":"chrysanthemum","status":"publish","type":"herb","link":"https:\/\/www.herbalreality.com\/herb\/chrysanthemum\/","title":{"rendered":"Chrysanthemum"},"content":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"featured_media":7331,"parent":0,"menu_order":-230,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":"","beyondwords_generate_audio":"1","beyondwords_project_id":"47224","beyondwords_content_id":"e9ee6364-bcc1-433a-add0-6d39a17cce51","beyondwords_preview_token":"1e8f335a-6f68-4be6-a5a7-34a2a78f6388","beyondwords_player_content":"","beyondwords_player_style":"","beyondwords_language_code":"","beyondwords_language_id":"","beyondwords_title_voice_id":"","beyondwords_body_voice_id":"","beyondwords_summary_voice_id":"","beyondwords_error_message":"","beyondwords_disabled":"","beyondwords_delete_content":"","beyondwords_podcast_id":"","beyondwords_hash":"","publish_post_to_speechkit":"","speechkit_hash":"","speechkit_generate_audio":"","speechkit_project_id":"","speechkit_podcast_id":"","speechkit_error_message":"","speechkit_disabled":"","speechkit_access_key":"","speechkit_error":"","speechkit_info":"","speechkit_response":"","speechkit_retries":"","speechkit_status":"","speechkit_updated_at":"","_speechkit_link":"","_speechkit_text":""},"tags":[],"conditions":[696],"sustainability":[1576],"sense":[27,18],"western_action":[1007,989],"chinese_action":[1033,1030],"ayurvedic_action":[],"energetics_action":[1510,1498,1512,1557,1506,1382,1533,1614,1487,1546,1554,1543,1519,1523,1488,1560,1619,1552,1556,1539,1618,1511,1494,1549],"region":[1898],"class_list":["post-7325","herb","type-herb","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","conditions-nervous-system","sustainability-green-sustainability-status","sense-sweet","sense-bitter","western_action-diaphoretic","western_action-alterative","chinese_action-clear-heat-and-relieve-toxicity","chinese_action-release-exterior-cool-acrid-herbs","energetics_action-acrid","energetics_action-bitter","energetics_action-bitter-taste-chinese","energetics_action-blood","energetics_action-cool-temperature-chinese","energetics_action-cool","energetics_action-cooling","energetics_action-digestive","energetics_action-dry","energetics_action-dry-quality","energetics_action-kapha-constitution-dosha","energetics_action-light","energetics_action-liver","energetics_action-lung","energetics_action-moist","energetics_action-nervous","energetics_action-nervous-channel-srotas","energetics_action-pitta-constitution-dosha","energetics_action-plasma","energetics_action-pungent-post-digestive-effect-vipaka","energetics_action-respiratory","energetics_action-sweet-taste-chinese","energetics_action-sweet","energetics_action-vata","region-traditional-chinese-herbs"],"acf":{"last_reviewed":"20220702","herb_author":null,"banner_text":"Chrysanthemum has been used as a medicine in Asia for thousands of years","latin_name":"Chrysanthemum x morifolium<\/em>","pseudonym_name":"","family_name":"Asteraceae","herb_summary":"The flowers of Chrysanthemum have been brewed as a tea that has been used as a treatment for a wide range of conditions. Although it benefits multiple systems, the flowers are a specific remedy for the eyes.","key_benefits":"Anti-inflammatory\r\nReduces fever\r\nSpecific eye remedy","how_does_it_feel":"The taste is both bitter and sweet. It is less bitter than its cousin,\u00a0Chrysanthemum indicum<\/em>.","hdif_image_1":7332,"hdif_image_2":7330,"hdif_image_3":7331,"hdif_video":"","sense":[18,27],"what_can_i_use_it_for":"Chrysanthemum has been included in traditional medicines for a variety of conditions. If there is inflammation around the eye of any type, Chrysanthemum may help. This may express as dryness, itchiness, and redness found in conditions like conjunctivitis and eczema. Traditionally, a poultice of the flowers or a powder was used for this purpose.\r\n\r\nChrysanthemum tea may also help reduce fevers in cases of infection. Sore throats may also be relieved. It is also considered to help reduce stress, which may accompany or precede low immunity that leads to an infection.","into_the_heart_of":"\"\"Chrysanthemum was recorded in The Divine Farmer\u2019s Classic Material Medica (Shen\u2019ong Bencaojing<\/em>), attesting to thousands of years of medicinal use.\r\n\r\nChrysanthemum is native to several parts of Asia. It is widely cultivated for medicine in China, along the Yangzi River. Tong Xiang City is known as the City of Chrysanthemums and produces 4000-5000 tonnes of Chrysanthemum flowers each year, which counts for approximately 90% of China\u2019s supply.\r\n\r\nOther related species are also used for medicine.\u00a0Chrysanthemum indicum<\/em>\u00a0is used in Chinese herbal medicine for similar applications. Feverfew (Tanacetum parthenium<\/em>) and tansy (Tanacetum vulgare<\/em>) are used in Western herbal medicine.","tradtional_uses":"There are several compound prescriptions containing Chrysanthemum in the Chinese tradition, but the flowers themselves are also brewed as tea or infused in wine. The white variety has been used as a wine infusion for nervous conditions, while the yellow variety is used for heat-clearing and detoxification.\r\n\r\nThe tea of the yellow flowers has been used to alleviate fevers, colds, sore throats, various ophthalmic conditions, vertigo and hypertension. It is also believed to improve eyesight. A poultice or the powdered herb has been used in cases of sore eyes, skin infections, sores, boils, and acne.","what_practioners_say":"

\"\"<\/strong>Respiratory system<\/h3>\r\nAs the medicine of the flowers is diaphoretic and anti-inflammatory, Chrysanthemum may be used in any infection that features a fever. As Chrysanthemum is antiseptic, it also may be used in acute respiratory infections and sore throats, especially where there are headaches and malaise.\r\n

Eyes<\/h3>\r\nChrysanthemum flowers are a specific remedy for the eyes. They may be used in any condition that expresses with inflammatory symptoms such as swelling, itching, and redness. Examples of conditions that would be appropriate to be treated with Chrysanthemum are conjunctivitis and eczema.\r\n

Nervous system<\/h3>\r\nChrysanthemum may be used in cases of stress with hypertension. This may express in headaches, insomnia, or dizziness for the person. The traditional view of Chrysanthemum\u2019s energetics support its use in clearing the heat of anger.\r\n

Digestive system<\/h3>\r\nDue to the bitter taste of the flowers, Chrysanthemum supports digestion by increasing liver function and the excretion of bile.","research":"\"\"\r\n\r\nThere are very few clinical trials that investigate the safety and efficacy of Chrysanthemum. The majority of the research has been in vitro, or animal study (<\/span>1<\/span>).<\/span>\r\n\r\nIn vitro and in vivo studies have reported hypolipidemic and hypoglycaemic effects. The extract lowered LDL cholesterol, and inhibited lipid synthesis (2). It also promoted the partial recovery of islet \u03b2-cells (<\/span>3)<\/span>. Chrysanthemum is also a source of antioxidants. It is this property that was suggested to be responsible for the protective effects against ischemic stroke observed in a clinical trial (4).<\/span>\r\n\r\nAn extract of a cultivar of Chrysanthemum morifolium was observed to reduce NO production in an LPS-induced cell line, which demonstrated an anti-inflammatory effect of the herb. The researchers concluded that this was due to the flavonoid content of the plant (5).<\/span>\r\n\r\nThe volatile oils in Chrysanthemum have been found to be antimicrobial against a number of microbes. These include <\/span>Escheria coli,<\/span><\/i> Staphylococcus aureus<\/span><\/i>, <\/span>Salmonella enteritidis<\/span><\/i>, <\/span>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/span><\/i>,<\/span> Bacillis subtilis<\/span><\/i>, and <\/span>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/span><\/i> (6, 7).\u00a0<\/span>\r\n\r\nChrysanthemum may also have anticancer properties due to the inhibition of the proliferation of tumour cells in vitro (8).<\/span>","did_you_know":"Chrysanthemum x morifolium<\/em>\u00a0was included in a\u00a0NASA study<\/a>\u00a0on plants that improve air quality, and was rated highly for this purpose.","additional_information_right":{"illustration":7389},"additional_information_left":{"botany":"Chrysanthemum is a compact herbaceous perennial growing between 1.5-3m tall. The stems stand upright and have dark green leaves. The lower leaves are plumed, and are increasingly entire further up the stem. The leaves are broad, ovate, and up to 6 inches long. The solitary flowers appear in bloom from September to first frost.\u00a0 Typically, the flowerhead are radiated and composed of yellow ray florets. The name Chrysanthemum comes from the Greek <\/span>chrysos <\/span><\/i>meaning gold, and <\/span>anthemum<\/span><\/i> meaning flower.\u00a0<\/span>\r\n\r\nChrysanthemum is native to several parts of Asia. It is widely cultivated for medicine in China, along the Yangzi River. Tong Xiang City is known as the City of Chrysanthemums and produces 4000-5000 tons of Chrysanthemum flowers each year, which counts for approximately 90% of China\u2019s supply.\u00a0<\/span>\r\n\r\nOther related species are also used for medicine. <\/span>Chrysanthemum indicum<\/span><\/i> is used in Chinese herbal medicine for similar applications. Feverfew (<\/span>Tanacetum parthenium<\/span><\/i>) and tansy (<\/span>Tanacetum vulgare<\/span><\/i>) are used in Western herbal medicine. <\/span>","common_names":"
    \r\n \t
  • Ju Hua (China)<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
  • Florist's chrysanthemum<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
  • Florist\u2019s daisy<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
  • Sevanti (India)<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>","safety":"No known drug-herb interactions\r\n\r\nContraindicated in pregnancy: Leaves and flowers may cause skin irritation topically","interactions":"","contraindications":"","preparation":"The flowers themselves are also brewed as tea or infused in wine.\r\n\r\nA poultice or the powdered herb can also be used for various skin conditions listed in \u201cTraditional Use\u201d.\r\n\r\nA 1:3 45% tincture is also used","dosage":"3-9g dried herb per day. 5-15ml 1:5 25% tincture per day.","constituents":"
      \r\n \t
    • Alkaloids: stachydrine, chrysathemin<\/li>\r\n \t
    • Volatile oil: camphor, borneol, chrysanthenone<\/li>\r\n \t
    • Triterpene alcohols: helianol, \u03b2-dictyopterol, chrysanthediol A, chrysanthedi-acetate B,<\/li>\r\n \t
    • Sesquiterpene lactones<\/li>\r\n \t
    • Flavonoids: apigenin, luteolin<\/li>\r\n \t
    • Betaine, choline, vitamin B<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>","plant_part_used":"Flowers"},"habitat":"","sustainability":"","sustainability_content":"","sustainability_alternatives":"","quality_control":"","how_to_grow":"","recipe":"Traditional sweet chrysanthemum tea<\/strong>\r\n\r\nIngredients:<\/em>\r\n
        \r\n \t
      • 50g Chrysanthemum flower<\/li>\r\n \t
      • 250g Honey<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nMethod:<\/em>\r\n
          \r\n \t
        • Cover Chrysanthemum flowers with 200ml of water in a pot and simmer for 20 minutes.<\/li>\r\n \t
        • Let cool till it is warm, then discard the flowers and add the honey.<\/li>\r\n \t
        • Drink as desired.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>","references":"
            \r\n \t
          1. Yuan H, Jiang S, Liu Y et al. The flower head of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. (Juhua): A paradigm of flowers serving as Chinese dietary herbal medicine. <\/span>J Ethnopharmacol<\/span><\/i>. 2020;261:113043. doi:10.1016\/j.jep.2020.113043<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
          2. Dong K, Liu J, Chen Y et al. Prevention of aqueous extract from Chrysanthemum morifolium of Chuju against high- fat diet induced obesity and dyslipidemia. <\/span>Food Research and Development<\/span><\/i>. 2014;35(4):101-104.3.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
          3. Yang J. Determination of antioxidant and \u03b1-glucosidase inhibitory activities and luteolin contents of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat extracts. <\/span>Afr J Biotechnol<\/span><\/i>. 2011;10(82). doi:10.5897\/ajb11.2007<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
          4. Zhu Z, Qian S, Lu X, et al. Protective Properties of the Extract of Chrysanthemum on Patients with Ischemic Stroke. <\/span>J Healthc Eng<\/span><\/i>. 2021;2021:3637456. Published 2021 Nov 30. doi:10.1155\/2021\/36374564.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
          5. Hu J, Ma W, Li N, Wang K. Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Flavonoids from the Flowers of Chuju, a Medical Cultivar of Chrysanthemum Morifolim Ramat. <\/span>J Mex Chem Soc<\/span><\/i>. 2018;61(4):282-289. doi:10.29356\/jmcs.v61i4.458<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
          6. Kuang, C. L., LV, D., Huang, X., Gao, W., Shen, G. H., & Zhang, Z. Q. Research of the antioxidant activity of Chrysanthemum Morifolium's extracts with different solvents. <\/span>Science and Technology of Food Industry.<\/span><\/i> 2015.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
          7. Akihisa T, Franzblau S, Ukiya M et al. Antitubercular Activity of Triterpenoids from Asteraceae Flowers. <\/span>Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin<\/span><\/i>. 2005;28(1):158-160. doi:10.1248\/bpb.28.1586. <\/span><\/li>\r\n \t
          8. Kim H, Park C, Jung J. Acacetin (5,7-dihydroxy-4\u2032-methoxyflavone) exhibits in vitro and in vivo anticancer activity through the suppression of NF-\u03baB\/Akt signaling in prostate cancer cells. Int J Mol Med<\/span><\/i>. 2013;33(2):317-324. doi:10.3892\/ijmm.2013.1571<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>","related_condition":[7890,7266],"related_herb":[1831,7316],"related_article":[2423,7226],"herb_overview_content_one":"","herb_overview_content_two":"","herb_overview_content_three":"","herb_overview_content_four":"","herb_overview_content_five":"","herb_overview_content_six":"","herb_overview_content_seven":"","herb_overview_content_eight":"","botany":"","botanical_description":"","botanical_image":null,"common_names":"Ingwer (Ger), gingembre (Fr), zenzero (Ital), jenjibre (Sp), adrakh, sont (Hindi), vishwabhesaja (Sanskrit), jiang (Chin). ","herbal_preperation_image":null,"preparation":"","plant_part_used":"","dosage":"","constituents":"","recipe_image":null,"safety_post":null,"safety":"","interactions":"","contraindications":"","sustainability_image_one":null,"sustainability_image_two":null,"faqs":null,"not_suitable_for":[]},"featured_image_urls_v2":{"full":["https:\/\/i.herbalreality.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/21123828\/Chrysanthemum-white-flowers-scaled.jpg",2048,1366,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/i.herbalreality.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/21123828\/Chrysanthemum-white-flowers-scaled-600x600.jpg",600,600,true],"medium":["https:\/\/i.herbalreality.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/21123828\/Chrysanthemum-white-flowers-scaled-1000x667.jpg",1000,667,true],"large":["https:\/\/i.herbalreality.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/21123828\/Chrysanthemum-white-flowers-scaled-1300x867.jpg",580,387,true],"banner_image":["https:\/\/i.herbalreality.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/21123828\/Chrysanthemum-white-flowers-scaled-1600x800.jpg",1600,800,true],"gform-image-choice-sm":["https:\/\/i.herbalreality.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/21123828\/Chrysanthemum-white-flowers-scaled.jpg",300,200,false],"gform-image-choice-md":["https:\/\/i.herbalreality.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/21123828\/Chrysanthemum-white-flowers-scaled.jpg",400,267,false],"gform-image-choice-lg":["https:\/\/i.herbalreality.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/21123828\/Chrysanthemum-white-flowers-scaled.jpg",600,400,false]},"post_excerpt_stackable_v2":"","category_list_v2":"","author_info_v2":{"name":"","url":""},"comments_num_v2":"0 comments","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.herbalreality.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/herb\/7325","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.herbalreality.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/herb"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.herbalreality.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/herb"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.herbalreality.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/herb\/7325\/revisions"}],"acf:post":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.herbalreality.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7226"},{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.herbalreality.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2423"},{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.herbalreality.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/herb\/7316"},{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.herbalreality.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/herb\/1831"},{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.herbalreality.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/condition\/7266"},{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.herbalreality.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/condition\/7890"}],"acf:term":[{"embeddable":true,"taxonomy":"sense","href":"https:\/\/www.herbalreality.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/sense\/27"},{"embeddable":true,"taxonomy":"sense","href":"https:\/\/www.herbalreality.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/sense\/18"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.herbalreality.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7331"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.herbalreality.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7325"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.herbalreality.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7325"},{"taxonomy":"conditions","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.herbalreality.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/conditions?post=7325"},{"taxonomy":"sustainability","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.herbalreality.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/sustainability?post=7325"},{"taxonomy":"sense","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.herbalreality.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/sense?post=7325"},{"taxonomy":"western_action","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.herbalreality.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/western_action?post=7325"},{"taxonomy":"chinese_action","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.herbalreality.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/chinese_action?post=7325"},{"taxonomy":"ayurvedic_action","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.herbalreality.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ayurvedic_action?post=7325"},{"taxonomy":"energetics_action","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.herbalreality.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/energetics_action?post=7325"},{"taxonomy":"region","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.herbalreality.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/region?post=7325"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}